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0:01 So, we are all like households; why is 0:03 it that the Indonesian nation's 0:06 household is called a 'bahtera' or 0:08 vessel of the household? Because the 0:13 Indonesian people are not actually an 0:15 agrarian or agricultural nation. 0:18 Before the colonizers arrived, they 0:21 were masters of the sea. Therefore, the 0:24 Indonesian nation was destined by Allah 0:26 to possess the largest seas. Now, we, 0:32 as a great nation, must be grateful to 0:35 Allah. 0:38 Never once should we forget history. It 0:45 does not mean that we, as a nation, can 0:49 just do as we please; there is guidance 0:53 . History is guidance, right? We cannot 0:57 say the past is just the past. 1:00 Yes. 1:01 It is impossible that it does not exist 1:03 in the present. Precisely, the present 1:07 is a continuation of the past, and the 1:09 present will occur in the future, like 1:10 that. So don't let us think the past 1:15 has no meaning; this world determines 1:18 our standing in the afterlife. This 1:22 world is the past. So, if people forget 1:25 the past, they are challenging the 1:29 present for the future. In the name of 1:57 Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most 1:58 Merciful. Peace be upon you, and 2:00 Allah's mercy and blessings. All praise 2:02 is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds, 2:03 and may peace and blessings be upon our 2:05 master Muhammad and upon all his family 2:06 and companions. O Lord, increase my 2:08 knowledge. O Allah, teach me what 2:10 benefits me and grant me knowledge that 2:12 is beneficial. Broadcast from Jalan 2:15 Masjid Silaturahim Number 36, 2:16 Kalimanggis, Jatisampurna, Bekasi. 2:18 Radio Silaturahim and Rasil TV for the 2:20 one Islam. Brothers and sisters who are 2:23 blessed by Allah Subhanallahu wa ta'ala 2:25 , listeners and viewers of Radio 2:26 Silaturahim and Rasil TV wherever you 2:28 are, I hope you are in good health. I, 2:32 Angga Aminuddin, am back to greet you 2:35 wherever you are, brothers and sisters, 2:38 on the Islamic History in the 2:40 Archipelago talk show with our guest, 2:43 Professor Ahmad Mansur Suryanegara. 2:47 Right now, Alhamdulillah, we, the Rasil 2:50 team, accompanied by ATP Setiabudi and 2:53 Rizal Alhaq, are able to visit the 2:56 residence of our teacher, our history 2:58 teacher, Mr. Ahmad Mansur Suryanegara 3:01 in the Marga Hayu Raya area. After more 3:06 or less, yes, almost 3 years, we 3:08 haven't recorded together again. 3:11 Alhamdulillah, by His will, we can 3:13 visit each other again. And right now I 3:16 am at his residence. And this is our 3:19 guest, our history teacher, Professor 3:22 Ahmad Mansur Suryanegara. Peace be upon 3:25 you, and Allah's mercy and blessings, 3:26 Mr. Mansur. 3:27 And peace be upon you, and Allah's 3:29 mercy and blessings. 3:30 How are you, Sir? 3:32 Alhamdulillah, I am doing well. Now I 3:36 am back just like 3 years ago. 3:40 Just like 3 years ago, 3:42 there was one thing that tested me, 3:49 suddenly there was a disaster or 3:52 calamity, and I had to deal with the 3:57 hospital. 3:59 Yes. The Islamic hospital in Bandung. 4:04 Now, we must all accept the tests we 4:07 face in this life as commanded: 'O you 4:11 who have believed, seek help through 4:14 patience and prayer.' 4:18 Indeed, Allah is with the patient. 4:21 Indeed, indeed Allah is with the 4:22 patient. Truly, Allah is with those who 4:25 are patient. 4:26 Yes. Now, many interpret 'with' in a 4:30 simple way. Hmm. 4:33 But I once went to Sumedang in a very 4:36 short amount of time. It was actually 4:41 impossible. But because I was with the 4:45 police, in a police car, no matter how 4:48 congested the road was, we could arrive 4:51 in a very short time. 4:54 What was impossible, 4:55 we could achieve. 4:57 Uh, how many hours to get there? H 5:00 It was traveling at high speed and then 5:05 all the dense obstacles cleared up. 5:09 Yeah. 5:10 And reaching Sumedang, we still had to 5:13 wait for the event time because the 5:15 place wasn't ready. See, that’s an 5:20 example that even with the police, we 5:23 can reach our destination. Especially 5:27 with "Innallaha ma'ashobirin." 5:30 Being with Allah, we will be more 5:33 successful. 5:34 Yes. 5:35 So, that is where we are tested, and in 5:38 being tested, we must remember that " 5:40 Innallaha ma'ashobirin." 5:44 We will be with patience in facing all 5:48 calamities. 5:50 H 5:52 We must, we have to, it’s like that. 5:55 Yeah. 5:56 Because the one who makes the sun rise 6:00 and set on time is Allah. 6:03 Yes. 6:04 Like the war between Russia and Ukraine 6:08 , who started it first? 6:12 And when it ends, Allah is the one who 6:15 determines it. 6:16 So it is with us. Sickness comes, and 6:19 sickness will be cured. 6:21 Yeah. 6:21 Allah is also the one who decides. That 6:24 is "Innallaha ma'ashobirin." 6:28 Yes, indeed Allah is with those who are 6:31 patient, so when we are tested, we must 6:34 be patient first. 6:37 Yes. 6:39 That is, with whatever happens to us, 6:44 those are the teachings we must try to 6:50 face. 6:52 And whether we can do it or not, we 6:55 must try. We try to approach those 7:01 teachings so we can truly overcome it. 7:06 Yes. 7:07 So if you are sick, be patient. H 7:10 If anything else happens, be patient. 7:13 Anything else, be patient. So we cannot 7:18 do as we please. There is a Supreme 7:22 Organizer. 7:25 Like a puppet. If we may give an 7:28 example, a puppet's story is created by 7:32 the Great Puppeteer. 7:34 Yes. Yes. 7:35 And we are also "played" like puppets 7:37 by Allah. 7:39 What we become and when we stop, that 7:42 is determined by Allah. H 7:45 Be patient, patient, patient. 7:47 Patient. And that is what Mr. Mansur 7:51 held onto when there was the COVID 7:55 disaster, and illness. 7:57 Yes. At that time, it was truly a 8:02 moment between fear and not; no, it was 8:07 definitely fear. So, we must be patient 8:13 waiting for health to return. 8:15 Yes. And because of that patience, we 8:19 can meet again today. 8:21 Alhamdulillah. And brothers and sisters 8:24 , during the COVID period, Mr. Mansur 8:27 experienced several illnesses. And 8:31 currently, at the age of 91. Indeed, 8:38 from our observation, Mr. Mansur now 8:40 has a slight hearing impairment. That's 8:43 why my voice is a little loud. I 8:45 apologize, brothers and sisters. My 8:46 apologies, Mr. Mansur. And on this 8:49 occasion, brothers and sisters, we will 8:52 also remind you again of how important 8:56 it is to know history. How history 8:59 determines life in the future. And then 9:03 history can also be knowledge for us to 9:06 take a stance on what is happening 9:08 today. 9:11 That is why we want to dig back into 9:14 how history is actually made with Mr. 9:17 Mansur. Because lately, questions have 9:22 been arising on social media from the 9:25 younger generation, Mr. Mansur. 9:28 Yes. 9:29 How is history actually written? And we 9:32 want to know what true history really 9:34 is. Especially with the saying that 9:38 every ruler writes their own history. 9:42 Uh-huh. 9:43 Now, how do we learn the true history 9:46 to move forward? Where would you like 9:48 to start explaining this, Mr. Mansur? 9:51 Please. 9:53 The term "history" is a social science 9:58 term. All sciences use the "-logy" 10:02 suffix, or "lugha." 10:04 Yes. 10:04 But suddenly, with this "sejarah," 10:08 Uh-huh. 10:08 it uses an Arabic term. 10:10 Yes. 10:12 Not a Latin one. So, like anthropology, 10:16 sociology, 10:17 psychology, 10:19 they all use that "-logy" suffix. 10:20 Yes. 10:21 But history does not. 10:23 Uh-huh. 10:24 It uses "sejarah." Previously, as a 10:29 nation with a high historical 10:32 consciousness, every region in 10:35 Indonesia had its own term. 10:39 For example, "Babad Tanah Jawi." 10:42 Yes. 10:43 That means, what does "babad" mean? It 10:48 is history. 10:49 Uh-huh. And then in Malay, there is the 10:53 "Hikayat Hang Tuah.""Hikayat" 10:57 is also that. And in Minang, and 11:01 elsewhere, there are many different 11:05 terms. 11:06 Uh-huh. 11:07 But the meaning is history. Even in 11:10 Islamic boarding schools, it is called 11:12 "tarikh." 11:12 Yes. "Tarikh Rasulullah," for example. 11:15 "Tarikh" of the "Khulafaur Rasyidin." 11:18 But the term "tarikh" is also history. 11:22 Now, those who studied abroad and 11:24 returned to Indonesia call it "history. 11:27 " 11:28 History. 11:29 Some from the Netherlands call it " 11:31 geschiedenis," 11:32 some from Germany, "Geschichte." Or " 11:36 l'histoire" in French. And with so many 11:41 terms in Indonesia, a unified term was 11:44 needed. Uh-huh. 11:47 So at that time, the government—I'm 11:51 not sure by whom—suddenly adopted the 11:54 term from Arabic. 11:57 H "Sejarah" comes from the word " 11:59 sajarah," meaning tree. 12:01 Yes. 12:02 A tree is huge, but its seed is tiny. 12:06 Yes. Now, that is an analogy. We were 12:11 also small when we began, as big as 12:13 this— 12:14 what we each have right now. That is 12:18 just called sperm or "nutfah" in Arabic 12:22 . Uh-huh. 12:23 How big is it? 60 per millionth of a 12:27 millimeter. That is what we really are. 12:30 Yes. 12:31 This body. Well, a millionth of a 12:34 millimeter. One millimeter divided by a 12:37 million. How tiny we are. Like a tree. 12:42 How tiny its seed is. Even a banyan, or 12:46 anything that grows huge, it starts 12:48 small. Now, that is used as an analogy. 12:52 Why? So we don't feel small when 12:55 starting something. 12:57 Yes. Like our TV, our radio, our 13:01 community; even if we have nothing yet, 13:04 we say "bismillah" and start. 13:08 Right. If we want to start a 13:12 Silaturahim TV or radio, but we aren't 13:16 brave enough to begin, 13:19 when will it ever happen? We must be 13:21 brave, even if we are small. 13:23 Yes, 13:24 exactly. And all history surely starts 13:28 with a small group. The Prophet himself 13:34 . 13:35 Yes. 13:36 Then followed by whom? His wife. 13:38 His wife. 13:38 Then who else? There were those four 13:41 companions. Only four. Yeah. 13:44 But starting what was revealed by Allah 13:47 , then making it the first act of 13:49 converting oneself and converting all 13:52 the companions. 13:55 Yes. 13:56 And all those who chose to believe. So 14:00 that is the reality of history, one 14:04 must dare to begin. Bung Karno, those 14:08 who signed the proclamation were only 14:11 two people. Yes. 14:12 Well, that was Bung Karno with. 14:15 Bung Hatta. 14:15 Now, if on the 17th or the 9th of 14:19 Ramadan 1364 they didn't want to start 14:24 because they didn't have tanks, didn't 14:28 have planes, didn't have those. 14:32 We start by first saying only two 14:35 sentences. 14:36 Yeah. We, the people of Indonesia, 14:39 hereby declare the independence of 14:42 Indonesia. That was the first sentence. 14:46 Matters concerning the transfer of 14:48 power and so on will be executed 14:49 carefully and in the shortest possible 14:51 time. 14:52 Yeah. 14:53 Signed by whom? Soekarno Hatta. Well, 14:57 we are like that too when getting 14:58 married. Marriage, we accept the 15:01 marriage to your daughter, with the 15:03 dowry. 15:04 Yes. 15:04 What? Well, we all understand in 15:08 historical reality that no history ever 15:12 started with many people. Yeah. 15:16 It started with one who dared alone and 15:20 had nothing yet. 15:21 Yeah. 15:22 Who, name President Jokowi, who else 15:26 before him? 15:27 Suharto, right? Soeharto. Who else? 15:30 Bung Karno. Who else? Habibie. Who else 15:33 ? Mega. Like that. Who else, Gus Dur? 15:39 All of that started from the 15:42 individuals themselves. Even for Gus 15:46 Dur, four months earlier he said to me, 15:49 "Yes, 15:50 Mr. Mansur, I will become a good 15:52 president. I didn't, I didn't believe 15:56 it." 15:57 Gus Dur, "Why didn't Mr. Mansur believe 16:00 it?" It's through the MPR. 16:03 God willing, everyone will choose me, 16:07 really. 16:09 So it must be conviction first. 16:12 That must be developed, determined. 16:16 So history is a lesson or a teaching 16:20 where something that is to be started 16:24 is like a tree seed. 16:28 Yeah. 16:28 Don't wait for it to be big. Yeah. 16:30 Small first, right? 16:31 Yes. Plant it first. 16:33 Yes. 16:34 Until the Prophet commanded, even if 16:36 the end of the world is tomorrow. 16:38 Yeah. 16:39 Plant that date seed first. 16:42 Yeah. 16:43 Well, to that extent. So even if it's 16:45 the apocalypse, it's scary. Well, we 16:48 are the same. Talking about this 16:50 history is actually scary too. But 16:54 can't we speak in a better way? 16:59 Yeah. The Prophet himself was commanded 17:01 by Allah, he was a Prophet. Allah is 17:05 all-powerful. Who was his opponent? 17:07 Pharaoh. What was required? Qawlan 17:10 layyinan. Speak gently. 17:12 Yes. 17:14 Well, that is a prophet led by Allah 17:16 himself, speaking in a gentle way. 17:20 Like that. 17:21 So that is the guideline of Islam. So 17:25 we must understand that history. What 17:31 is desired will be spoken. So, the 17:35 first words we speak must be spoken 17:38 well so as not to cause confusion at 17:41 the start of our speech. 17:45 Yes. 17:45 Like that. That is a lesson within 17:48 history. Therefore, the core of history 17:52 is philosophy. We must know how to 17:57 articulate our thoughts using 17:59 philosophical language. Now, regarding 18:04 that philosophy, it is the only book 18:07 published by Mr. Azjid. 18:11 Philosophy of history, right? 18:12 Yes. This philosophy of history is 18:16 worthy of being used as a guide, this 18:19 book. Hmm. 18:21 Because from the Greek era up to 18:24 Ibn Khaldun, everything is there. 18:27 It discusses what the meaning of 18:32 history, or 'tarikh', is. 18:35 Yes. 18:37 This is an elaboration of something we 18:40 believe in the Quran. It is, uh, how to 18:45 elaborate on what is there. I think Ibn 18:49 Khaldun is also Islamic. Now, here it 18:52 writes about, uh, what the philosophy 18:55 of history is. Here, Mr. Thahir 18:58 places the discussion of Ibn Khaldun at 19:01 the beginning. 19:03 Hmm. 19:04 It is worth our understanding, it is 19:07 worth us comprehending. Now, if the 19:11 younger generation is confused, 19:14 Yes. 19:16 That is because their history teacher 19:18 is not very good. 19:22 There are even teachers who say that to 19:25 be an entrepreneur, you don't need 19:28 history. What is history? They say that 19:33 . 19:33 Yes. 19:34 Bung Karno studied at ITB, 19:37 that was his college. Yes. But he 19:39 became president not talking about his 19:42 ITB background. 19:43 Yes, that's right. 19:44 But because of the history he spoke 19:48 about everywhere. 19:50 Yes. 19:50 So that he was known as, uh, the leader 19:53 who was the mouthpiece of the people. 19:55 Hmm. 19:56 So it wasn't because he was the 19:58 mouthpiece of ITB, but of all the 20:00 people of Indonesia. That is what we 20:03 must understand as the core of history. 20:06 It is not just that we must know the 20:11 years in, in, uh, school lessons. 20:16 Because if we don't understand the year 20:19 , the time, the place, there will arise 20:22 , uh, confusion in understanding 20:25 history. 20:26 Oh. So in the philosophy of history by 20:31 Mr. Azjid, Ibn Khaldun also recommends 20:34 knowing the time, knowing the place, 20:38 knowing who the actors are. Now, by 20:42 doing so, we will understand 20:44 Yes. 20:44 why things happen like that. May I give 20:50 an example, why did Hitler kill so many 20:55 Jewish people? It turns out the Jewish 20:59 people, well, there was a grudge. 21:01 Yes. 21:02 What kind of grudge? His mother was 21:04 killed by 21:07 the Jewish people, in, uh, in his book, 21:12 Mein Kampf, 21:15 as a fundamental basis of thought that 21:18 the Jews were a great enemy, 21:21 because of the past, his past, 21:24 uh, 21:24 that it had happened. 21:27 So we understand that everything has a 21:30 cause. 21:32 Yes. So if there is no cause, it would 21:34 not be possible. 21:35 Hmm. 21:36 Now, that cause has been forgotten. So, 21:40 to remind ourselves back through 21:43 history, let us not try to forget. 21:47 Hmm. 21:48 Bung Karno has already warned: Jasmerah 21:50 . 21:51 Never 21:53 forget history. So Bung Karno himself 21:58 was an ITB alumnus, but he formulated 22:00 not to ever 22:03 Yes. 22:04 forget ITB, no, but never forget 22:07 history if you become a leader of this 22:10 nation. 22:12 Unless you're an alumni leader, that's 22:15 how you talk. 22:17 So if we want to become great, we must 22:20 never forget history. I don't 22:25 understand why there are teachers who 22:29 say that to lead a company, you don't 22:32 need to know history. Well, that is 22:37 clearly wrong. This is so that children 22:41 will once again love their homeland. 22:46 Love their nation. 22:48 Yes. Appreciate the philosophy of this 22:50 nation. 22:51 Without knowing history, it is very 22:53 dangerous, in my opinion. 22:56 Now, how do we ensure that history is 22:59 not forgotten? I 23:01 How can we keep remembering that 23:03 history, Mr. Mansur? 23:06 Well, in any nation, state, or even 23:11 religion, there are what we call 23:16 significant days. Yeah. 23:21 On the 10th of Muharram, whoever fasts 23:24 on that day will have their sins from 23:27 the past year forgiven. 23:30 Yes. That was a reminder from the 23:33 Prophet, because other religions also 23:37 Yes. 23:38 Also fasted at that time, you see. So 23:41 why are we told to go back to that? So 23:45 we don't forget. 23:46 Yes. Yes. 23:48 So when we reach April 24th, what is 23:52 that? The Asian Conference. 23:58 Cool. How the Indonesian nation led a 24:02 movement across all of Asia. 24:06 Yeah. 24:06 Led by Bung Karno. 24:08 Yeah. 24:09 Meeting in Bandung. A place where it 24:13 was once impossible for all those 24:16 nations to meet. 24:17 Yes. 24:18 Because why? Pakistan and India were 24:20 fighting at that time. 24:22 Yeah. 24:22 China and Russia couldn't unite either. 24:27 Yes. Even though they were both 24:29 communist. 24:29 Yeah. 24:31 But Bung Karno strove to have all these 24:35 nations meet in Bandung, to unite a 24:38 common desire for what we want in this 24:42 world; it turned into the 10 principles 24:46 of the Dasasila. 24:48 Yes. 24:49 Now, that was agreed upon together. 24:51 That shows how great Bung Karno was. So 24:55 Bung Karno's greatness became our 24:57 nation's greatness, our pride. Every 25:01 24th, at the very least, what Mr. RK, 25:07 for instance—now that he’s become 25:12 governor—holds a commemoration. 25:17 Yes. Before him, other governors also 25:25 commemorated it. 25:29 A historical date for 25:32 Yes. 25:32 Bandung and the world’s nations. 25:35 Nations in this world that were once 25:38 colonized by others, so that 25:39 colonialism will never happen again. 25:42 That is effectively it. 25:43 Yeah. 25:44 Even now, Indonesia remains unable to 25:47 cooperate with Palestine. 25:50 Yes. 25:50 That is a reminder of colonialism. 25:55 Whereas the Dasasila opposes it, as 25:59 does the preamble of the 1945 26:02 Constitution. Colonialism in this world 26:07 must be abolished. 26:09 Like that. That was a statement from 26:14 the Indonesian nation on the date of 26:18 8/17/45. Then for all of Asia and 26:24 Africa, it was on the 24th. That. We 26:29 need to be reminded of that if we 26:32 forget. If we cannot forget something 26:39 that has already happened, then any 26:43 country or organization will hold what 26:48 is called a commemoration. So, if we 26:55 hold an Asia-Africa commemoration, the 27:00 intention is to remind this nation, 27:03 Indonesia, that it was once the first 27:08 mover to unite all of Asia and Africa 27:12 to fight against imperialism. If Islam 27:19 holds what is called Eid al-Fitr, it is 27:22 to remind all of humanity not to forget 27:26 the one who gave birth to them, their 27:29 mother. Thus, it is interpreted as* 27:33 silaturahim*. *Rahim*(womb) belongs to 27:37 the mother. So, we are returning to the 27:42 one who possesses the*rahim*, which is 27:45 the mother. But there are attempts to 27:50 make us forget. 27:52 Not to remind, but actually to make us 27:54 forget. Replaced with the term*mudik*. 27:57 Yes. 27:58 Like that. Well, that loses the 28:00 authentic meaning 28:02 of the actual term. Likewise, we can 28:07 imagine that what is called Eid al-Adha 28:12 is also called the Day of Sacrifice. 28:18 And then, the day is considered what 28:22 Sundanese people call a grand 28:24 celebration. 28:26 Yes. 28:27 What is glorified is the value of 28:30 marriage. H. 28:33 Marriage is between a man and a woman, 28:35 and who unites them? Allah. Who was the 28:40 first to marry? Prophet Ibrahim. 28:42 Where was the marriage? It was in 28:45 Arafah. 28:47 Yes. 28:49 Then, the place of the marriage, the 28:52 first seat occupied by Prophet Ibrahim 28:55 and Siti Hawa, is called Jabal Rahmah. 29:00 Women are mercy and women are red. 29:06 Therefore, Siti Hajar, uh, Siti Hawa 29:08 was named Hawa. Because of what? Adam 29:13 was asked by an angel, why did you name 29:16 your wife Hawa? Hawa means red. 29:21 Yes. 29:22 Just look at her lips, they are red. 29:25 Well, *Humairah*is also red. 29:28 H. So red is not the name of PDIP or 29:37 the PKI; before those two organizations 29:40 existed, the ones who first used the 29:42 term red were the prophets. So if we 29:48 associate red now as a mistake, it’s 29:51 not Islam because Islam is green. 29:55 Yes. That is because of Pak Harto 30:00 creating three colors, green, 30:02 which is if Golkar is yellow, 30:04 yellow, 30:04 if Islam is green, if PDI is red, 30:09 that is actually a mistake. 30:11 It’s wrong if you understand history, 30:13 the phrasing is wrong. 30:15 Because why? Those who "reddened" the 30:18 movement of the entire community were 30:21 the prophets, and the prophets used the 30:24 color red. Yes. 30:26 So when the Messenger of Allah wore his 30:29 red garment, 30:31 he was very handsome. Great. The 30:33 companions were in awe seeing the 30:35 Messenger of Allah wearing red. 30:37 H. 30:38 So what is that? The grand attire of 30:42 the Messenger of Allah. 30:43 Yes. 30:43 Who was earlier, the Messenger of Allah 30:46 or the organizations that use red now? 30:48 The Messenger of Allah. So, it is 30:50 reminded again so we do not forget. 30:52 Yes. So we hold the "Jas Merah"(Don't 30:56 Forget History) principle; everything 30:58 must be reminded again, 31:01 not forgotten. Now, it just happens 31:06 that in Indonesia, the ones who use 31:09 the red 31:10 red, currently, yeah. That, and the 31:14 clerics emphasize green. Whereas the 31:17 Messenger of Allah 31:18 wore that garment. 31:20 It's in Surah Al-Kahf, and it's 31:21 mentioned four times in the Quran. In 31:23 the Quran, 31:24 in Surah Al-Kahf verse 31, the clothing 31:29 of those who have passed on in the 31:32 realm 31:33 of paradise 31:34 in the afterlife is green. 31:37 Yeah. 31:38 Now. Now, that is actually the green 31:42 color later according to historians. 31:45 Yeah. 31:47 But according to the history that was 31:51 desired by the British, green was not 31:54 what was intended. Then it became as if 32:01 it belonged to Islam. 32:03 Yes. The red was replaced by the green 32:05 one. 32:07 Well, that is because we lost our 32:08 history. And we are all reminded of the 32:14 "Jas Merah"(Never Leave History), that 32:19 is what our president really wanted: 32:26 for this nation not to lose its history 32:29 . Yes. 32:30 Bung Karno. 32:31 Yes. So, on the 17th, we see that 32:36 besides climbing the areca nut trees or 32:41 running in sacks, everything is done to 32:45 remind us that the nation is 32:48 independent, and the proclamation was 32:53 on the 17th, while in the Islamic 32:57 calendar, it was the 9th of Ramadan. 33:03 Now, the 9th of Ramadan is in the first 33:06 ten days. Ramadan is divided into three 33:10 parts. The first ten days are the days 33:12 of mercy. 33:13 Yes. 33:13 So the Indonesian nation's independence 33:15 was thanks to the mercy of God. 33:18 That's it. So that sentence, the 33:22 sentence that is truly accurate at the 33:26 birth of our independence, was on the 33:31 9th and 10th of Ramadan. 33:34 Ramadan. 33:34 The 10th of Ramadan was the birth of 33:38 what is called the national ideology, 33:42 Pancasila. 33:42 Yes. And the constitution, the 1945 33:46 Constitution, was all born on the 10th 33:49 of Ramadan. For the Muslim majority, 33:54 the 10th of Ramadan holds the meaning 33:57 of independence that already has an 34:01 ideology, which already has a 34:05 Constitution. If that is interpreted 34:10 according to the meaning of Hijra, it 34:16 means the month of migration. 34:17 Yes. 34:19 So the Indonesian nation's migration 34:21 was to change by leaving what is wrong 34:24 and moving toward what is right. 34:29 That is the month of migration, the 9th 34:34 of Ramadan. Well, the month of the 9th 34:38 of Ramadan has a great meaning for the 34:41 Indonesian people. 34:45 So, actually, it would be better not to 34:50 just use one date, but also use the 34:55 other date. It doesn't mean we want to 35:00 divide, no. It is just the accuracy of 35:07 the date; Bung Karno also mentioned 35:10 that I pray 17 rak'ahs a day, 35:14 so I 35:16 want 17 to be my sacred day, the sacred 35:19 day of my nation. 35:22 Then the Quran was also revealed on the 35:28 17th of Ramadan. Yes. 35:31 So Bung Karno had that understanding, 35:35 and he chose that day as the main day, 35:40 as he said before Cindi Adam, an 35:44 American reporter. 35:46 Reporter, yes. 35:47 Well, Bung Karno emphasized that, for 35:51 what purpose? To not forget. Now, who 35:57 was at the forefront to defend this 35:59 independence? Monas was built, the 36:03 National Monument. 36:04 Yes. 36:05 Who is in front of it? Prince 36:09 Diponegoro riding a horse, directed 36:12 toward the palace. 36:15 And in front of the palace, there is a 36:20 mosque called Baiturrahim. So we have 36:26 all been communicated with symbols. Who 36:31 defends independence? Those who have a 36:33 mosque. What is the name of the mosque? 36:35 Istiqlal. What religion is that, then? 36:42 Yes. 36:42 Yes. Islam. 36:43 Islam. They sacrificed on November 10th 36:46 , later 36:48 that is full of people who fell 36:50 defending independence, known as Heroes 36:52 'Day. What is the Arabic word for hero? 36:55 Syuhada, right? 36:57 So it was made in Jogja. Why was Jogja 37:01 also the capital of the Republic of 37:02 Indonesia? 37:03 Yes. At that time, yes. 37:04 Then it was built at the Syuhada Mosque 37:06 . 37:06 Syuhada. 37:07 The capital Jakarta is called Istiqlal. 37:11 Syuhada fought for the independence of 37:14 Indonesia. 37:17 Well, history always uses languages 37:21 that have symbolic meaning. 37:25 Yes. 37:26 That’s it. So if we use that kind of 37:29 language, it wouldn't work; Indonesia 37:31 wouldn't be independent. Hm. 37:36 Since we are diverse yet one, we must 37:40 use a language that everyone can accept 37:43 . 37:45 Yes. 37:46 Yes, I often say everywhere that khamr 37:51 (alcohol) is forbidden by Islam. But 37:56 there are some who worship khamr, 38:00 some who protect it. Well, one must 38:03 know that drinking makes a person lose 38:06 their memory, 38:09 making their behavior incorrect. 38:10 Yes. So, for people to accept the laws 38:15 that form the basis of Islam, it was 38:19 replaced. That is what is called a 38:27 social plague. 38:30 A social plague, yes. Well, all 38:32 political languages are like that. So, 38:39 so as not to forget the issues we are 38:44 discussing, we must know how not to 38:49 forget them. The language is also 38:53 symbolic; as I said earlier, many 38:56 philosophical languages are used— 38:59 symbolic language. Let's not make 39:05 mistakes because of, uh, the language 39:08 itself; that’s where the error lies. 39:12 Being too blunt. 39:13 Yes. 39:14 That is wrong. So actually, the 39:18 language should be polite, right? Well, 39:22 Indonesian culture is one that is never 39:27 direct in its conversations. Because 39:31 why? Because the influence of the 39:36 Al-Qur'anul Karim teaches us to speak 39:40 kindly to others. Now, this is what we 39:46 want—not desiring something that 39:50 others disagree with, but how to make 39:54 others agree because the language is 39:59 Indonesianized. Like that. So, to not 40:05 forget, one needs the ability to state 40:09 a desire using language like Bung Karno 40:13 , "Jas Merah"(Don't ever forget history 40:17 ). Never ever oppose history. And that 40:25 history has been portrayed since the " 40:30 gunungan" held by the dalang in wayang; 40:35 there are drawings of houses and trees 40:39 on it. That is called syajaratul hayin. 40:42 Hm. Tree. 40:44 Yes. Uh, the tree of life. 40:46 Tree of life. 40:46 Yes. So, when we express something, be 40:52 as careful as possible in phrasing 40:56 personal interests so they can become 41:00 public interests. Well, that requires 41:07 deep wisdom for every leader. That is a 41:15 basic necessity for the Indonesian 41:18 nation. 41:18 Yes. Brothers and sisters who are 41:22 blessed by Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. 41:25 Right now, you are listening to a 41:27 broadcast on the history of Islam in 41:29 the archipelago with Professor Ahmad 41:31 Mansur Suryanegara at his residence. 41:35 And here, there are also several books, 41:38 including a book on the philosophy of 41:40 history. 41:41 One of the authors is Aji Thahir, right 41:44 . He seems to be your student too, sir. 41:46 Yes. 41:47 He was on campus, right. He is 41:49 incredibly smart at writing books, 41:52 too. This book was made, yes. 41:53 Yes. 41:54 Besides that, there is 41:55 also another one. 41:56 Are there any other books, then? 41:58 Yes. From Mr. Azid. Hm. 41:59 Now, as for me, 42:01 this, 42:01 these two, and those others, there are 42:04 many from maps, from everywhere. 42:07 This. But this is, indeed, a thought 42:12 that I truly dedicate to this nation, 42:16 so we don't forget the scholars. 42:20 True. Is this "Api Sejarah" book still 42:23 being sold, sir? 42:24 It's still selling well today. 42:25 It's still selling well. It’s still 42:27 available in print too. We are still, 42:29 Yes. we are still selling this "Api 42:31 Sejarah". Because it is indeed, 42:32 still needed and read. But I heard, Mr. 42:36 Mansur, that you are, what is it? It 42:40 seems like this book will be updated. 42:42 That's right, sir. 42:43 It will be, 42:43 it will be perfected. Is there more 42:45 data to be added? 42:47 Yes, it's being worked on again. 42:49 Being worked on again 42:50 to, uh, 42:53 so that we don't forget what was 42:54 mentioned earlier. 42:55 Yes. So that this nation loves history. 43:00 Heh. 43:00 Because in the past, 43:03 this nation had a high level of 43:05 awareness. There wasn't a single ethnic 43:10 group in Indonesia that didn't have a 43:13 way to build that awareness. Take the 43:17 simplest example, everyone created a 43:20 genealogy. 43:21 Yes. That is, 43:23 even if it were just the names, the 43:26 years, or something similar. 43:29 This sultan had this child, then this 43:32 child, then these children; just like 43:35 that, but that was a foundation to 43:37 understand that the past shouldn't be 43:40 forgotten. 43:41 Yes. 43:43 So, people who forget history are 43:47 reminded by historians that the past is 43:52 still living in the present. 43:56 Oh. 43:57 Those events. 43:59 Hm. 43:59 But what about this, sir? Some people 44:01 say that is in the past, just forget it 44:04 . 44:06 They can say that, 44:09 but that shows a lack of understanding. 44:13 Right. Which is why God says that 44:15 people who do not know history are 44:18 yes. 44:18 ignorant, and what is ignorance? 44:21 Narrow-minded. 44:22 Yes. Yes. 44:23 So, that is something that saddens us. 44:27 Heh. 44:27 If people are categorized by the Qur'an 44:30 as narrow-minded, 44:32 ignorant. 44:35 Now, we need to understand that the 44:38 past exists within us. 44:41 Heh. Our mothers and fathers exist 44:44 within us. 44:44 Yes, 44:45 all of that. So even though our fathers 44:50 and mothers are gone, we are the 44:54 continuation of them, like that. 44:58 That’s why we are called “still 45:01 living in the present,” 45:04 like that. In the Qur'an, the phrasing 45:07 is "Wala taqulu lima yuqtalu fi 45:10 sabilillah...""...amwat." Do not think 45:13 that those who have fallen are dead. " 45:16 Ahya." Instead, they are living. 45:19 Heh. 45:19 However, many do not know that. 45:25 Now, 45:27 we must inform those who do not know, 45:30 so they become aware, 45:34 using language that they can understand 45:38 . Thus, "Balighu anni walau ayah." 45:42 Meaning, every individual should convey 45:45 to another individual at the same level 45:47 , 45:48 yes, 45:48 the same level. So if they don't 45:51 understand, it's because they haven't 45:53 met someone who can explain it in the 45:54 same level of language, 45:56 that the other person possesses. 45:59 Hm. 46:00 So we must strive to explain it to 46:04 others so that they understand. Like 46:08 that. 46:09 True. 46:10 So, in order to ensure the current 46:13 generation doesn't lose its history, 46:17 Yes. 46:18 There is some local or religious wisdom 46:21 that incorporates historical elements. 46:25 We hear terms like in the recording of 46:27 hadith, there is "riwayat"(narration), 46:30 right, Mr. Mansur? 46:32 In folklore, there is "hikayat"(tales), 46:34 right? As for other stories, how are 46:37 those elements important for history, 46:40 how so, Mr. Mansur? Therefore, the 46:45 language was unified; the term was 46:48 unified as a policy—if I recall, it 46:51 was Armijn Pane who proposed using one 46:55 specific term 46:57 so that not every part would create 47:00 their own terms. 47:02 Hmm. 47:03 Like that. So if we recognize "hikayat, 47:07 " it is also history. 47:09 History as well. 47:10 If we encounter "riwayat," it is also 47:13 history. 47:14 And we say "history"(histori), that is 47:18 also history. 47:19 Yes. 47:20 So, the Republic of Indonesia, after 47:22 the proclamation, through the Ministry 47:25 of Education and Culture (PDK). So, PDK 47:29 —Education and Culture at that time 47:32 —tried to ensure that many things 47:35 could be referred to by one term. Hmm. 47:39 Then why was it taken from Islam? God 47:43 knows best. I do not know. 47:44 Yes. 47:45 Why did everyone suddenly write using 47:49 that language explained 47:52 because a tree is an analogy for our 47:55 lives. So, to make people understand, 48:01 think by comparing oneself. 48:06 Yeah. 48:08 Like a tree starting from a small seed, 48:12 daring to act, hoping to become a shady 48:16 tree. So, if we have children, how many 48:21 ? Three or four, or however many, we 48:24 shouldn't just say they are small and 48:26 wonder what will happen. Well, it's all 48:30 like that. 48:31 Yes. 48:32 We never know the future. Hmm. 48:36 Like that. But we know the past is 48:41 still here 48:43 and acts as a guide for what is to come 48:45 . 48:45 Yes. Now, the guidance in the Quran 48:49 says not to be like those people, like 48:53 which people? 48:55 Hmm. 48:56 Like that. Do not be like the people of 48:59 Prophet Lot. Do not be like this. If 49:01 you are in power, do not be like 49:03 Pharaoh. If we are in a massive 49:07 disaster like Prophet Noah, don't get 49:11 confused; even if our ship is small, by 49:14 remembering Allah and prostrating, 49:17 Prophet Noah actually helps us. Then 49:23 why wouldn't Prophet Noah be able to 49:26 save his ark for his household? 49:30 That small ship in the middle of a 49:32 massive tsunami. 49:33 Yes. But because of absolute certainty, 49:36 true certainty, 49:37 Yeah. 49:38 Allah will provide help. And they were 49:41 saved on the mountain called Jabal Judi 49:44 . 49:45 Yes. 49:46 Also, Prophet Abraham, even though he 49:51 was burned by his enemies, 49:54 do not be confused. Allah stated, " 49:58 Qulna ya naru kuni bardan." 50:01 O fire, be cool. And it became cool too 50:04 . So, in the history of the prophets, 50:09 they truly faced formidable opponents. 50:14 Use that as an example, don't forget 50:17 history. All that history tells us not 50:23 to feel great on our own. Hmm. 50:27 Who could lift Prophet Isa (Jesus) to 50:30 the second heaven in Islam? Allah. 50:34 Yes. 50:35 Even though his people were going to 50:38 destroy him. 50:39 Wama qotalu wabu. They were not 50:42 crucified. 50:44 Whoever Allah saves is not placed in 50:46 that state; this is not to insult 50:48 anyone. But that is the Islamic belief. 50:51 Yes. 50:52 And furthermore, we can see that 50:55 Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, 50:57 started not in a grand building, nor in 51:00 an extraordinary hotel. Yes. 51:04 But in a small cave located on Jabal 51:09 al-Nour mountain, that cave. 51:14 Yes. 51:15 Now, this kind of humble, small place 51:17 should be made a guiding principle for 51:20 life. Do not be afraid to start small. 51:25 A tree is like a seed. Like the place 51:30 Jabal al-Nour with its Hira cave, just 51:36 start it. And do good by starting with 51:40 these small things. 51:43 Don't be small and then act in the 51:45 wrong way. Yes, 51:47 that is a mistake. So we believe Allah 51:50 has guidance, and we make that guidance 51:53 our path, according to our capabilities 51:56 . 51:56 Yes. 51:57 Use your full potential. 52:01 That's it. What is the capability of 52:04 the Indonesian nation to unite this? 52:06 Yes. 52:07 Now, hold on to that. Exactly. What 52:11 about other nations? Well, that's up to 52:13 those other nations. We are all like 52:17 households; why is the Indonesian 52:20 nation's household called a "ship of 52:24 the household"? 52:28 Because the Indonesian nation is not 52:30 actually an agrarian nation. 52:33 Yes. 52:34 Before the colonizers came, we mastered 52:37 the seas. 52:37 Yes. Therefore, the Indonesian nation 52:41 was destined by Allah to possess the 52:43 largest sea. There is no equal in the 52:47 world. America is a superpower, but its 52:51 seas are small. 52:52 Yes. 52:54 England, as they say, whoever rules the 53:00 seas rules England, or the world. But 53:06 in reality, they are small. 53:08 Yes. 53:09 That is it. Now, those of us who are 53:11 this great, 53:13 Yes. 53:13 Must be grateful to Allah. 53:15 Yes. 53:16 That is how it is. So we should express 53:22 things in a language that, if today, is 53:26 called political language. 53:30 Yes. 53:32 A good one. Don't be too direct. So, 53:37 once again, we should never ever forget 53:46 history. It doesn't mean that as a 53:50 nation we can just do as we please; 53:54 there is guidance. 53:56 Hm. 53:56 History is guidance. 53:58 Guidance, yes. 53:59 Yes. So, we cannot say the past is just 54:04 the past. 54:05 Yes, 54:07 it is impossible for it not to exist 54:09 today. Today is actually a continuation 54:12 of the past. 54:14 And today will happen in the future. 54:16 Yes. 54:18 So if we encounter something, despair 54:24 is wrong. That's it. So everything we 54:31 have will be used by Allah as a tool 54:35 for deeds that will lead us to receive 54:38 Paradise. Yes, so do not let us think 54:43 the past has no meaning; this world is 54:47 a determination for the afterlife. 54:51 This world is the past. 54:53 Yes. Once we are in the afterlife, 54:55 the world is the past. 54:56 So there is 54:58 if someone forgets the past, it 55:01 challenges today, 55:03 today 55:04 for the future. Yes. 55:06 That is it. Alright, Mr. Mansur. 55:09 In your opinion, 55:12 What is it that this nation has 55:15 forgotten from its important past 55:17 history? 55:20 To forget. 55:22 Yes, what has this nation forgotten 55:25 from its past history today? That's why 55:29 our current condition is that we still 55:32 haven't been able to maximize our 55:35 abundant natural resources. 55:39 We are now in the month of September. 55:43 In the month of September, there were 55:46 generals who were cut down and thrown 55:48 into the Crocodile Pit. Who were they? 55:54 Then they were accused of benefiting. 55:57 Right? 55:58 Those were the soldiers, right? And 56:02 those killed were also soldiers, like 56:05 Yani along with the other generals. 56:09 Yes. 56:10 Now, why did this 30th of September 56:13 event fail? That's the point. The PKI, 56:19 back on the 18th or 19th of September. 56:23 Yeah. 56:24 In Madiun, those Islamic scholars were 56:27 all wiped out. 56:28 Yeah. 56:29 Those scholars' necks—in history, 56:32 it's depicted that they were beheaded 56:36 with large machetes. For those scholars 56:41 who had no other weapons besides prayer 56:44 beads, right? Now, why did the PKI fail 56:47 in all of those? Even though at that 56:51 time, Madiun was the center of it. 56:54 Yeah. 56:56 Russia was helping Madiun. 56:58 Yes. 56:59 But they failed. The G30S failed. Even 57:04 though they were helped by the PRC, 57:06 helped by Bung Karno himself. Yeah. 57:08 Actually. 57:09 Yeah. 57:10 But why did it fail? Well, that is 57:15 because independence is by the grace of 57:18 Allah. 57:20 While those who staged those coups did 57:23 not know Allah. 57:26 Yeah. 57:27 So, we must forget this. To forget 57:33 means do not imitate. 57:34 Do not imitate, 57:35 do not follow it. Those people who are 57:39 fighting for that again, 57:42 it's a pity. That. Why do I say it's a 57:46 pity? Because I look at history; they 57:50 were helped by Russia, helped by the 57:53 PRC, helped by Bung Karno. 57:57 Yeah. 57:59 By saying who are the "communo-enemies" 58:03 of the revolution. 58:07 Yes. 58:07 Then they had to be imprisoned. 58:10 Imprisoned. 58:11 Yeah. 58:12 That is what must be forgotten. By 58:17 those who did it. 58:18 Yes. 58:20 Because if they repeat it again, in my 58:24 opinion, but according to history, what 58:30 a massive contribution was made to them 58:32 . 58:33 Yeah. 58:33 But they failed. In Jakarta, there are 58:38 statues, the farmer statues. 58:41 Yes. 58:42 With weapons. 58:43 Yeah. Yeah. 58:43 How many thousands of weapons were 58:46 brought and deployed in Indonesia? 58:52 How come they couldn't work and they 58:53 lost again? 58:55 Yes. 58:56 Now, that must be forgotten. Do not 59:01 remember it, meaning do not do it again 59:04 . 59:06 In my view. 59:07 Yeah. 59:09 So if they rebel again, oh my goodness. 59:13 It's a waste of their efforts; it's a 59:16 mistake. Gus Dur said, "Gus Dur, why is 59:20 the PKI allowed to exist again?" Gus 59:24 Dur said, "It's easy, Mr. Mansur, if 59:28 they show up, it's easy to strike them 59:30 down." He said that. "If they hide, 59:34 it's troublesome.""They make it 59:36 difficult for us.""If they show up, 59:40 please," said Gus Dur. "The TNI doesn't 59:44 need to help.""Why?""Ansor will take 59:49 care of it, Banser will take care of it 59:51 ," Gus Dur said, joking and laughing. 59:55 See, even Gus Dur warned them. "If you 1:00:02 appear again, you are mistaken, you 1:00:05 will be destroyed again." Yes, who will 1:00:09 destroy them? Banser. Who else? 1:00:12 Ansor. 1:00:13 Ansor. 1:00:15 We don't need the TNI, we are capable 1:00:17 of destroying them. You see, Gus Dur 1:00:20 said that to me during a chat. It was 1:00:23 the kind of chat that seemed 1:00:24 meaningless, but it served as a 1:00:26 reminder. Hm. 1:00:28 If it ever happens again, it'll go 1:00:31 bankrupt, that’s it. 1:00:34 Now, this is the experience of those 1:00:37 historical figures. Who is Gus Dur? The 1:00:40 President. A historical figure. 1:00:43 Yes. 1:00:44 Looking at the strength from within 1:00:46 himself. 1:00:47 Yeah. 1:00:47 And the strength of this nation is 1:00:49 extraordinary. Now, his words were 1:00:53 simple, spoken with a laugh. But the 1:00:56 meaning was profound. 1:00:59 So, for those who will emerge, forget 1:01:01 it. Don't ever want to do that again. 1:01:05 Just forget it and replace it with 1:01:07 something new, something good. 1:01:09 Something good, right? 1:01:10 Yes. Now, that’s the kind of language 1:01:14 , what is it...what is it like...it 1:01:22 seems meaningless but it was spoken by 1:01:25 the President. 1:01:28 That President was a historical figure. 1:01:32 I am only repeating the words of 1:01:34 someone who held great power in 1:01:37 Indonesia. 1:01:38 Yes. 1:01:39 A great organization. Now, regarding 1:01:42 other matters, Mr. Mansur, according to 1:01:45 according to you 1:01:47 here in Indonesia 1:01:48 yes 1:01:49 what is it that is forgotten by the 1:01:52 rulers, officials, or authorities, what 1:01:55 is it from history that they are 1:01:58 forgetting now? 1:02:01 They don't understand that Indonesia is 1:02:02 vast. 1:02:03 Hm. Imagine the one named Ronald Reagan 1:02:08 , right? What is the name of his 1:02:11 country? Superpower. 1:02:13 Yes. 1:02:14 America comes to Indonesia. 1:02:17 Yeah. 1:02:18 And he speaks, he says. 1:02:19 Yeah. 1:02:19 Indonesia is bigger than America. Why? 1:02:23 Because of Sabang to Merauke. 1:02:25 Yes. 1:02:25 If you lift that up 1:02:27 Yeah. 1:02:28 and place it on America, its Merauke 1:02:31 would be in Bermuda, outside of America 1:02:33 . 1:02:34 It exceeds it. 1:02:35 So which one is bigger? 1:02:37 Yes. Now, if it were placed on Europe 1:02:40 and the Middle East, what is it called 1:02:42 ...what is that? Merauke would be in 1:02:46 Baghdad. 1:02:48 Then where would the tip be? It would 1:02:51 be in London. 1:02:54 So how many countries does Indonesia 1:02:57 cover? Europe and the Middle East are 1:03:00 14 countries. 1:03:01 Yeah. 1:03:03 Imagine, what is Bandung called? Paris 1:03:07 van Java. 1:03:08 Right? 1:03:09 How big is Paris van Java compared to 1:03:12 just Kalimantan in Indonesia, not even 1:03:15 including Sabah and... 1:03:18 Brunei. 1:03:19 Brunei, not even Sarawak and Kuching. 1:03:23 If you move and overlay France on that 1:03:27 Kalimantan is still larger. 1:03:28 That’s just that part, not even 1:03:30 reaching Sabang to Merauke yet. 1:03:33 Where would England be placed? 1:03:36 Yeah. 1:03:37 Not to mention Sulawesi and the other 1:03:40 islands. Wow, it's already tiny. So 1:03:43 Indonesia is hugely vast, what about 1:03:46 its debt? True. The debt is also large. 1:03:50 Yes. 1:03:51 But it will not be possible like Sri 1:03:54 Lanka. 1:03:55 Ah. 1:03:55 Crisis. 1:03:56 Yeah. 1:03:57 Like that. This is not possible. Why? 1:04:00 Indonesia is ready to pay off that debt 1:04:03 . 1:04:03 Yes. Even if the president changes 1:04:05 again and the president adds more debt 1:04:07 still 1:04:09 that debt will not what, it will not 1:04:12 make us like... 1:04:14 Sri Lanka. 1:04:15 Sri Lanka. Why? Because we are Islamic. 1:04:18 Ah. 1:04:19 Well, Islam must be capable of paying 1:04:23 everything off later. Why? What 1:04:28 department can generate trillions, the 1:04:30 Ministry of Religion? Yes. 1:04:34 Right? Just try having the money 1:04:37 collected itself. 1:04:38 Yes. 1:04:39 Uh-huh. 1:04:40 Has any other department ever 1:04:42 contributed as much as the Ministry of 1:04:44 Religion? Currently, 1:04:47 is there still 300 trillion or whatever 1:04:49 amount collected? 1:04:50 Yes. 1:04:50 From the Hajj alone. 1:04:51 Yes. 1:04:52 Now, imagine if we were like Hamkubono, 1:04:59 with a caliphate structure. That wealth 1:05:04 is truly immense. 1:05:08 So, other people shouldn't insult 1:05:11 Indonesia. Yeah. 1:05:14 The red and white that we commemorated 1:05:18 again, red is the color of blood. 1:05:23 Yeah. 1:05:23 The red is a mother's blood for 9 1:05:25 months and 10 days. The white is breast 1:05:30 milk, 9 months plus 20 months 20 days, 1:05:33 30 months; what is 30 months a symbol 1:05:36 of? The 30 juz of the Qur'an, that's 1:05:40 what. So we must know what is meant by 1:05:46 the NKRI that has been forgotten. 1:05:50 Yeah. 1:05:51 How many negotiations were there for 1:05:53 the NKRI? Three times. Who was the 1:05:56 first? Linggarjati. Yeah. 1:05:59 Who led it? Sjahrir. Yes. 1:06:02 Who else? Amir. What party was that? 1:06:05 Socialist and PKI. 1:06:07 Uh-huh. 1:06:07 Failed. Failed. 1:06:09 Yes. 1:06:11 Who was the second? Amir. That was the 1:06:14 Amir cabinet. 1:06:15 Holding a congress, uh, negotiation 1:06:18 where? Renville. 1:06:19 Renville. 1:06:20 Uh. Then who was Amir? PKI. 1:06:23 Uh-huh. The Indonesian state from 1:06:26 Sabang to Merauke was reduced to six 1:06:28 cities, six 1:06:29 residencies. 1:06:30 Yes. 1:06:32 Just Jogja, 1:06:33 failed, 1:06:34 Solo, 1:06:35 Madiun, Kediri, Bojonegoro, 1:06:39 and Magelang if I'm not mistaken. 1:06:40 Uh-huh. 1:06:41 Only that. 1:06:42 Uh-huh. 1:06:43 Indonesia was pressured, that was 1:06:45 troublesome. 1:06:46 Yes. Indonesia was shrunken like that. 1:06:51 Then it was brought down by Bung Hatta. 1:06:56 Bung Hatta became prime minister. Then 1:07:00 Bung Hatta himself was attacked by the 1:07:03 Dutch. 1:07:04 Yes. 1:07:05 Then he was arrested and exiled. 1:07:07 Uh-huh. 1:07:08 Now, at that time, who was the 1:07:10 country's leader? Sjafruddin 1:07:13 Prawiranegara. 1:07:15 From where? Masyumi. 1:07:17 Hm. 1:07:19 Then negotiations were held because of 1:07:21 what? The general, the 1:07:26 commander-in-chief, Commander Sudirman. 1:07:31 Sudirman. 1:07:32 Then Pak Harto held the March 1st 1:07:37 offensive, where? Jogja. Why was that 1:07:42 the capital of the Republic of 1:07:43 Indonesia at the time? Ready, where 1:07:46 else? Solo, ready, Medan. Uh, Magelang. 1:07:50 These three battles happened on the 1:07:51 same day. But it let the world know, " 1:07:54 Oh, Indonesia still exists." 1:07:56 Yeah. 1:07:57 Even though Bung Karno, Bung Hatta, and 1:07:59 the ministers had been arrested. 1:08:01 That has been forgotten by history, 1:08:03 by the people who became ministers, 1:08:05 forgotten. 1:08:06 Yes. 1:08:06 Yeah. After that, they were exiled to 1:08:09 Prapat. Yeah. 1:08:11 Now, with the TNI actively defending 1:08:14 the country, what is the TNI? The 1:08:18 people's own children, they could 1:08:21 awaken the nation to the world. 1:08:24 Remember again, 1:08:25 the Dutch were wrong. Forced to 1:08:28 negotiate. 1:08:30 Now, negotiating led by Bung Hatta, 1:08:32 what was his party? PNI. 1:08:36 Yes. That was what was included in the 1:08:39 RIS, the Republic of Indonesia. 1:08:42 What date did it start? December 27, 1:08:47 1949. January, there was the APRA coup. 1:08:54 Yeah. 1:08:55 Who was that? Westerling. 1:08:57 Yes. 1:08:58 So what happened, Indonesia was no 1:09:02 longer federal, that's it. 1:09:06 Who could have brought the Muhammad 1:09:08 Natsir administration to life? 1:09:12 Yes. 1:09:12 Who was that? Masyumi. 1:09:14 Yeah. 1:09:15 And then what was it that Muhammad 1:09:17 Natsir created? The formation of the 1:09:19 Unitary State of the Republic of 1:09:20 Indonesia. 1:09:21 The Republic of Indonesia. 1:09:22 So, we say it's non-negotiable. 1:09:25 Yes, you can use that term. But don't 1:09:28 forget Muhammad Natsir. 1:09:30 Yes. The people who become ministers 1:09:33 these days just forget. 1:09:35 Yes. 1:09:36 Yes. Then 1:09:38 they don't even know, do they? 1:09:39 Yes. 1:09:39 Even Bung Karno forgot and ordered 1:09:42 those ulema to be arrested. 1:09:44 Muhammad Natsir was exiled to 1:09:46 Yes. 1:09:47 RTM. 1:09:48 RTM is for house RT is for detention 1:09:54 M is for military. 1:09:55 Military. 1:09:56 Where? In Madiun. Yes, the consequence 1:09:58 was that those who arrested and 1:10:00 imprisoned him ended up in trouble. 1:10:01 Yes. 1:10:02 The PKI wasn't grateful. In fact, 1:10:04 everyone who did the arresting was 1:10:05 arrested themselves. 1:10:06 Yeah. 1:10:06 Put into Lubang Buaya. 1:10:08 Yes. 1:10:09 Now, that is being forgotten. 1:10:10 True. 1:10:12 The current ministers don't remind us 1:10:14 of that. 1:10:15 Yeah. 1:10:16 Now, why did they fail? 1:10:18 Yes. 1:10:19 Even though the PKI was supported 1:10:21 tremendously. 1:10:21 True. True. It could be dismantled, 1:10:26 suddenly there was Soeharto, right, and 1:10:30 he could finish it and rebuild 1:10:33 Indonesia, where not just the TNI but 1:10:38 also the police were united into ABRI. 1:10:43 Yes. 1:10:44 Now, that was the unifier. 1:10:47 Pak Harto is also being forgotten. Yeah 1:10:49 . 1:10:49 Even now, he isn't recognized as a hero 1:10:52 . Is that allowed? 1:10:53 Yes. Yes. 1:10:54 Because of who is on the title council, 1:10:56 right? 1:10:57 Yes. 1:10:57 Now, why are they anti-Soeharto? Well, 1:11:01 we will also see how those who are 1:11:03 anti-Soeharto end up later. 1:11:07 Like that. Because he truly upheld the 1:11:11 999 mosques. 1:11:14 Yes. 1:11:16 What for? To ward off, so there would 1:11:18 be no Leninism 1:11:22 and Marxism or Stalinism, so it 1:11:25 wouldn't exist, they built as many 1:11:28 mosques as possible, helped by the RT 1:11:31 and RW for every mosque. 1:11:35 Yeah. 1:11:35 Now that is forgotten. 1:11:37 Yes. So if those people indeed don't 1:11:41 need to remember, as if that's how it 1:11:44 is, what is remembered are the 1:11:47 departments. But it cannot be forgotten 1:11:52 that Indonesia was once like that. That 1:11:57 is what must be reminded. 1:11:58 Yes. And Indonesia exists because it 1:12:03 didn't become like it was on September 1:12:07 30th, the G30S, so Indonesia can be 1:12:11 like it is now. 1:12:13 Yeah. 1:12:14 That must be remembered. Suppose it had 1:12:18 continued, go ahead, if there were no 1:12:20 strength to restore things like that. 1:12:23 Yes. It would be wrong. So Indonesia, 1:12:27 the independence of Indonesia, is 1:12:31 thanks to the grace of Allah. 1:12:35 There are gamblers, online or whatever 1:12:39 Yeah. 1:12:40 Running rampant like that. 1:12:43 Yes. 1:12:44 But Allah is wiser on how to make it 1:12:47 fail and stop, isn't that so? Yes. Like 1:12:50 , their throne in 1:12:53 Yes. So we see, all parties may forget, 1:12:58 may not help, but Allah helps. 1:13:01 Yes. So that the people of Indonesia 1:13:05 can be freed from that. Yeah. 1:13:10 This sounds like just talk, but the 1:13:12 proof of history will be opened, opened 1:13:15 , opened, revealed, revealed, it cannot 1:13:18 be covered up anymore. Everything will 1:13:22 be revealed. 1:13:24 That is Indonesia. 1:13:26 Don't forget. 1:13:28 That's our country, what is the first 1:13:31 principle? Yeah. 1:13:34 the One and Only God. 1:13:36 The Almighty. 1:13:37 So that is used as the foundation for 1:13:39 the next four precepts. We mustn't just 1:13:43 act big because we're ministers or hold 1:13:47 some other position. 1:13:49 Yes. 1:13:50 That is all wrong. 1:13:52 All wrong. So it's fortunate we still 1:13:57 have the KPK helping to save the 1:14:00 nation's wealth 1:14:03 so it isn't 1:14:05 dismantled, messed up, or thrown into 1:14:08 chaos by people who don't truly know 1:14:11 what Indonesia is. 1:14:14 Right, 1:14:15 hopefully God Almighty. Amen. 1:14:18 By God's grace, grant guidance to all 1:14:22 the people of Indonesia. Do not forget 1:14:27 the little people. It is truly 1:14:32 dangerous, because our independence is 1:14:35 for them. 1:14:37 H. 1:14:39 I have a story to tell. 1:14:41 He 1:14:42 when the mayor of Cairo 1:14:44 Yes. was asked by the President of 1:14:47 Egypt at the time. 1:14:49 Yeah. 1:14:49 What have you done? I have removed all 1:14:54 those small traders who were making the 1:14:57 city of Cairo look messy. 1:15:00 Yes. 1:15:01 Then what was the answer? This 1:15:04 revolution is for those little people. 1:15:09 Manage them well so they aren't harmed 1:15:12 by you, sir. So if we have the Public 1:15:18 Order Agency here, the ministers who 1:15:22 lead and give the orders must know 1:15:27 that those little people, the common 1:15:33 folk, 1:15:35 must be defended; this revolution is 1:15:38 for the common folk. 1:15:40 Yes. using the words of the President 1:15:44 of Egypt when rebuking the Mayor of 1:15:49 Cairo. 1:15:51 Because he was proud of making Cairo 1:15:54 look beautiful by removing those little 1:15:58 people. That was lamented by the 1:16:01 President of Egypt. Why was that used 1:16:06 as a basis for the mayor's pride? 1:16:09 because he lost his own people. 1:16:11 Then he was reminded that our 1:16:13 revolution is for the little people. 1:16:17 Right, Mr. Mansur. 1:16:19 Yes, Iwan Ahmad, it doesn't feel like 1:16:22 an hour has passed while we talk about 1:16:24 the importance of history. Mr. Mansur, 1:16:28 we are in the final session. 1:16:30 Yes. 1:16:30 As a closing statement, what would you 1:16:34 like to say? We must know as the common 1:16:42 people that history is vital, not to 1:16:46 serve the interests of those already in 1:16:52 power. But don't forget that the little 1:16:58 people can make the big ones fall. I am 1:17:05 not happy, I am afraid, and I don't 1:17:09 want that kind of thing to happen. Be 1:17:14 good to all those who have succeeded at 1:17:18 the top and will be the ones replacing 1:17:23 or continuing, then they should 1:17:29 remember that history always defends 1:17:33 the small, not forgets them 1:17:37 like that. But the way used to defend 1:17:42 must look back at history so as not to 1:17:45 be wrong, striking oneself, feeling 1:17:49 like a defender of the little people, 1:17:53 but flawed in technique and method. H 1:17:58 and the method of defending the small 1:18:02 is only for their own interest. Like a 1:18:08 US President, or Vice President, who 1:18:11 said, "I defend the people." And then? 1:18:17 It turned out he was defending himself. 1:18:19 Hm. 1:18:20 Defending himself. 1:18:21 Yes. then he was toppled because he 1:18:25 wasn't defending the people he spoke of 1:18:28 , 1:18:30 but actually he forgot the people who 1:18:33 were the goal of his 1:18:34 position. 1:18:36 H 1:18:37 This is history, a way to save those 1:18:41 above and also provide blessings to 1:18:45 those below. Do not be mistaken. It 1:18:50 would be a reversal, like the 1:18:52 colonialists of the past whom our 1:18:55 struggle wiped from the face of the 1:18:58 earth. 1:18:59 Suddenly, they would mimic the behavior 1:19:02 of colonialists. Colonialists were 1:19:06 wrong; they created many orphans, many 1:19:09 poor people, and all sorts of things we 1:19:12 do not want. So, do not let that happen 1:19:19 again. Alright, brothers and sisters 1:19:25 who are blessed by Allah subhanahu wa 1:19:27 ta'ala, that concludes our discussion 1:19:29 on the history of Islam in the 1:19:31 archipelago with Prof. Ahmad Mansur 1:19:33 Suryanegara, a Muslim historian and 1:19:35 author of the book "Api Sejarah." This 1:19:39 is the "Api Sejarah" book. Yes. This is 1:19:43 volume 1 and this is volume 2 of "Api 1:19:45 Sejarah," which can still be found at 1:19:48 online shops, and certainly at Rasil. 1:19:52 So, if you want to read this book 1:19:54 yourself or give it as a gift to others 1:19:58 , you can contact the Rasil number 1:20:01 because it is available at Rasil. Or 1:20:04 you can get it directly from bookstores 1:20:07 or online, right? Ah, it is still 1:20:09 available, and thank God we still have 1:20:11 the opportunity to meet the author, who 1:20:13 is also a source for Rasil to this day. 1:20:16 May we always be given ease and 1:20:17 smoothness, and may Prof. Mansur always 1:20:19 be granted health by Allah subhanahu wa 1:20:21 ta'ala. From the Professor's residence, 1:20:25 we take our leave. Hopefully, what we 1:20:27 have conveyed is beneficial. We 1:20:29 apologize for any errors in our words. 1:20:30 Billahi taufiq wal hidayah. 1:20:32 Subhanakallahumma wabihamdika ashadu 1:20:34 alla ilaha illa anta astagfiruka wa 1:20:36 atubu ilaik. Assalamu'alaikum 1:20:37 warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. 1:20:39 Wa'alaikumussalam warahmatullahi 1:20:41 wabarakatuh. 
